Formative assessment comprises techniques that are used to monitor 消消犯 learning and to provide ongoing feedback. The aim of formative assessment is to provide information on 消消犯 struggles that can be acted on immediately.
Different types of formative assessment include:
Asking 消消犯s to draw a concept map on a lecture topic or research topic.
Having 消消犯s articulate the important concepts of a lecture.
Having 消消犯 submit a research proposal or draft outline for early feedback.
Angelo and Cross (book available in CTE library) have written extensively on formative classroom techniques.
Summative Assessments
Summative assessment is used to understand 消消犯 learning at the end of a class or instructional unit.
Information is used to to gauge achievement of 消消犯 learning outcomes for the course and/or specific assignment at hand.
